Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Dimensi Cil Dalam (Internal Chill) Terhadap Cacat Penyusutan (Shrinkage) Pada Pengecoran Aluminium 6061
Submission Date: 2014-08-12 15:56:42
Accepted Date: 2014-09-14 00:00:00
Abstract
Aluminium merupakan salah satu material yang semakin banyak dimanfaatkan terutama pada industri komponen mesin. Cacat pada hasil cor sangat dihindari karena akan berpengaruh pada kualitas hasil yang merubah dimensi dan sifat mekanik dari benda hasil cor. Shrinkage merupakan cacat yang terjadi karena perbedaan kecepatan pendinginan pada benda cor. Penambahan variasi ukuran dimensi cil dalam (internal chill) bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh perubahan dimensi terhadap cacat shrinkage pada pengecoran. Penelitian pembuatan benda coran dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan coran aluminium 6061 dengan menggunakan metode pengecoran pasir. Sistem saluran yang digunakan menggunakan ketentuan AFS. Jenis saluran yang digunakan adalah horizontal parting-line, serta pasir cetak dengan komposisi pasir silica 89%, bentonit 7,5%, dan air 3,5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh penggunaan dimensi internal chill terhadap prosentase jumlah cacat shrinkage dengan diameter 15, 20, dan 25 secara berurutan sebesar 3,82, 1,28, dan 1,01%. Penggunaan variasi dimensi internal chill pada pengecoran benda yang semakin diperbesar dapat berfungsi dengan baik serta menggeser lokasi cacat penyusutan menjauhi internal chill. Grafik yang didapatkan dari pengukuran pada internal chill diameter 25 mm (daerah yang mengalami prosentase cacat terkecil) memiliki kemampuan menyerap panas lebih baik daripada diameter 15 dan 20 mm.
Keywords
cacat penyusutan (shrinkage); cil dalam (internal chill); sistem saluran (gating system)
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