Perancangan Coupler untuk LRT di Indonesia
Submission Date: 2018-08-04 18:02:10
Accepted Date: 2019-01-30 00:00:00
Abstract
PT INKA menggunakan coupler tipe knuckle, yang biasa dipakai untuk kereta api, untuk sambungan gerbong pada kereta ringan (light rail transit, LRT). Namun, pemakaian coupler tipe ini sangat tidak sesuai sebab coupler untuk kereta api dapat menarik beban hingga 42 ton, sedangkan berat gerbong LRT hanya 25 ton. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan studi numerik untuk re-design ukuran coupler. Optimasi ukuran dipilih sebagai basis dalam metode re-design. Analisis numerik dilakukan dengan bantuan Catia Simulia V6 – Structural Validation. Material yang digunakan adalah AAR M201 grade E dan grade D sesuai dengan yang digunakan oleh PT INKA. Beban yang diterapkan adalah beban aktual LRT Jabodebek dengan jumlah trainset 6 buah. Optimasi ukuran dilakukan dengan reduksi ukuran head coupler knuckle hingga 50%. Panjang leher coupler dipertahankan untuk menyesuaikan dengan ruang sambungan pada carbody. Analisis angka keamanan dilakukan pada tiap model yang telah direduksi. Hasil simulasi mengindikasikan bahwa ukuran coupler yang paling optimum, yaitu ukuran pada skala reduksi 80% dari model awal. Tegangan tarik dan tekan maksimum yang terjadi berturut-turut sebesar 450 MPa dan 308 MPa, yang mana masih berada dalam zona aman.
Keywords
Catia Simulia V6; knuckle coupler; light rail transit; size optimization
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