Alternatif Perencanaan Pondasi Dangkal pada Runway dan Gedung Terminal dengan Memperhatikan Pengaruh Likuifaksi (Studi Kasus: Bandara Internasional Yogayakarta)
Submission Date: 2020-08-25 15:42:36
Accepted Date: 2021-01-25 21:24:18
Abstract
Bandara Internasional Yogyakarta berlokasi di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Kabupaten Kulon Progo memiliki Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) hingga sebesar 0,4 g. Di samping itu, lokasi bandara tersebut memiliki kondisi tanah yang didominasi tanah pasir. Mengingat kondisi tanah yang didominasi oleh tanah pasir dan nilai PGA yang cukup tinggi, lokasi tersebut memungkinkan memiliki potensi terjadinya likuifaksi. Akibat potensi likuifaksi tersebut, dalam pembangunan bandara telah dilakukan pemadatan tanah. Saat ini, gedung terminal bandara setinggi 3 lantai dan 1 basement telah dibangun menggunakan pondasi bored pile sepanjang 26 meter serta runway telah dibangun dengan panjang 3250 meter dan lebar 45 meter. Makalah ini membahas perhitungan lapisan tanah yang berpotensi likuifaksi pada data tanah sebelum dan sesudah perbaikan tanah, evaluasi pondasi eksisting pada gedung terminal, dan perencanaan alternatif pondasi cakar ayam pada area runway serta perencanaan pondasi cakar ayam dan pondasi sarang laba-laba (KSLL) di gedung terminal. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diketahui lapisan tanah yang berpotensi likuifaksi dengan data tanah sebelum pemadatan pada area runway sedalam 2 meter dan pada area gedung terminal sedalam 4 meter. Namun, hasil kedalaman lapisan tanah yang berpotensi likuifaksi berdasarkan data tanah sesudah pemadatan pada area runway sedalam 1 meter dan tidak ditemukan potensi likuifaksi pada area gedung terminal. Berdasarkan hasil analisis evaluasi pondasi eksisting gedung terminal, diketahui tidak semua pondasi memiliki hasil evaluasi yang memuaskan dari segi beban aksial dan lateral. Perencanaan pondasi cakar ayam pada area runway memiliki dimensi panjang 3250 meter, lebar 45 meter dengan tebal 0,30 meter serta panjang pipa diketahui sebesar 10 meter dengan diameter 1,2 meter. Perencanaan alternatif pondasi dangkal, baik pondasi cakar ayam dan KSLL, pada gedung terminal tidak dapat dilaksanakan karena SF bearing capacity kurang dari satu (1) dan settlement yang terjadi melampaui settlement maksimum yang disyaratkan.
Keywords
Bandara Internasional Yogyakarta; Likuifaksi; Pondasi Cakar Ayam; Pondasi Sarang Laba-Laba
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