Perwujudan Faktor Ruang yang Dapat Bertahan (Defensible Space) Terhadap Kriminalitas di Kecamatan Kamal
Submission Date: 2020-08-20 09:30:02
Accepted Date: 2021-01-25 18:59:30
Abstract
Permukiman tradisional di Kecamatan Kamal teridentifikasi memiliki elemen pembentuk defensible space namun saat ini elemen-elemen tersebut telah mengalami perubahan. Meski Kecamatan Kamal cenderung mengalami penurunan angka kriminalitas, namun tingkat kriminalitas di Kecamatan Kamal termasuk tertinggi kedua dibandingkan kecamatan lain di Kabupaten Bangkalan. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perwujudan faktor ruang yang dapat bertahan terhadap kriminalitas di Kecamatan Kamal saat ini. Peneliti berfokus pada empat faktor dari konsep defensible space yakni territoriality, natural surveillance, image, dan milieu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif-kuantitatif (mix method) dengan pendekatan rasionalistik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuisioner, wawancara, dan observasi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa keempat faktor defensible space berpengaruh pada tingkat kriminalitas di Kecamatan Kamal. Faktor territoriality (berfungsinya public space, aktifnya paguyuban warga, dan tingginya kesadaran ruang), faktor natural surveillance (pencahayaan yang baik, keterbukaan visual yang tidak terhadalang tanaman, dan pengawasan penduduk secara alami), faktor image (kesan terawat), faktor milieu (heterogenitas dan aksesibiitas) berpengaruh dalam mengurangi tingkat kriminalitas di lokasi studi.
Keywords
Defensible Space; Keamanan; Kriminalitas; Ruang.
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