Peningkatan Fasilitas Bank Sampah sebagai Upaya Pengurangan Timbunan Sampah Perkotaan di TPS Surabaya
Submission Date: 2020-08-20 14:21:32
Accepted Date: 2021-02-01 10:38:00
Abstract
Kota Surabaya merupakan kota dengan pengelolaan sampah perkotaan terbaik di Indonesia. Meskipun begitu, jumlah sampah Surabaya terus meningkat setiap tahunnya dan lebih dari 50% dari total sampah yang dihasilkan berakhir di Tempat Pembuangan Sampah Surabaya (TPS). Pengembangan kebijakan pengelolaan sampah diperlukan dalam rangka mengurangi jumlah produksi sampah, penumpukan sampah di TPS dan intensitas pengangkutan sampah ke fasilitas pengolahan akhir sampah. Selain itu, kebijakan pengelolaan sampah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan jumlah pendapatan dari pengelolaan sampah, mengurangi kebutuhan biaya, dan meningkatkan penyerapan pekerja pengelolaan sampah sehingga berkelanjutan di masa depan. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pemodelan dengan Metodologi Sistem Dinamik untuk memodelkan proses pembentukan sampah Surabaya, fasilitas TPS, dan merumuskan kebijakan pengelolaan sampah yang dapat meningkatkan jumlah sampah terolah dan mengurangi jumlah produksi sampah, serta dapat berkelanjutan di masa depan. Perumusan kebijakan dilakukan dengan memperhatikan detail keterkaitan antar variabel sistem pengelolaan sampah. Terdapat tiga skenario yang diusulkan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skenario pengembangan fasilitas bank sampah sebesar 1.200 ton memberikan dampak paling signifikan dibandingkan dengan kondisi eksisting, yang ditinjau dalam hal jumlah timbunan sampah, jumlah sampah menjadi bahan baku dan sumber energi, dan peningkatan penyerapan pekerja.
Keywords
Pengelolaan Sampah Perkotaan; Pemilahan Sampah; Sistem Dinamik; TPS.
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