Konversi Rumput Laut Menjadi Monosakarida Secara Hidrotermal
Submission Date: 2014-07-15 13:15:04
Accepted Date: 2014-09-14 00:00:00
Abstract
Rumput laut merupakan salah satu sumber devisa negara dan sumber pendapatan bagi masyarakat pesisir dan merupakan salah satu komoditi laut yang sangat populer dalam perdagangan dunia, karena pemanfaatannya yang demikian luas dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, baik sebagai sumber pangan, obat-obatan dan bahan baku industri. Pada proses hidrolisis biasanya menggunakan katalisator asam seperti HCl, asam sulfat. Bahan yang digunakan untuk proses hidrolisis adalah pati. Hidrolisis merupakan reaksi pengikatan gugus hidroksil / OH oleh suatu senyawa. Tujuan penelitian ini antara lain mempelajari proses, pengaruh waktu, suhu, dan konsentrasi katalis terhadap reaksi konversi, serta kinetika reaksi proses hidrolisis rumput laut menjadi monosakarida secara hidrotermal. Dari hasil analisa penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan analisa gula pereduksi menggunakan metode HPLC dan spektofotometer reagen Nelson-Somogyi. Hidrolisis termal rumput laut dengan katalis asam sulfat dapat menghasilkan gula reduksi. Dari hasil penelitian dan analisa yang telah dilakukan, semakin lama waktu hidrolisis, semakin tinggi suhu, dan semakin besar konsentrasi katalis yang diberikan dapat menghasilkan % gula reduksi yang besar yaitu pada kondisi 80 menit; 240°C; 1N katalis menghasilkan presentase gula reduksi sebesar 0,2848 %. Dengan reaksi yang didapatkan adalah reaksi orde 1, diperoleh energi aktivasi yang lebih kecil pada konsentrasi katalis 1N yaitu sebesar 12.675 J/mol.
Keywords
hidrolisis; rumput laut; glukosa; katalis asam
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