Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit RBD Dengan Menggunakan Katalis Berpromotor Ganda Berpenyangga γ-Alumina (CaO/MgO/ γ-Al2O3) Dalam Reaktor Fluidized Bed
Submission Date: 2014-07-15 13:24:21
Accepted Date: 2014-09-14 00:00:00
Abstract
Biodiesel merupakan salah satu energi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar fosil dari hasil reaksi transesterifikasi minyak nabati dengan metanol. Proses pembuatan biodiesel selama ini menggunakan katalis homogen NaOH atau KOH yang memiliki kelemahan terbentuknya produk samping berupa sabun dan rumitnya pemisahan produk biodiesel dengan katalis. Maka dari itu, mulai dikembangkan katalis heterogen. Penelitian ini mengembangkan katalis berpromotor ganda berpenyangga y-alumina (CaO/MgO/y-Al2O3) dalam reaktor fluidized bed. Pembuatan katalis melalui metode presipitasi CaO dan MgO pada y-Al2O3 serta asam asetat sebagai larutan precursor. Kemudian, katalis dioven selama 12 jam pada suhu 110C dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 700 C selama 5 jam. Katalis yang diperoleh digunakan untuk proses transesterifikasi dengan ratio molar minyak metanol 1:36; variabel massa katalis 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 gram; laju alir reaktan 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 ml/menit; dan suhu 125, 150, 175, 200, 225 C. Dimana yield dan % konversi terbaik dari penelitian diperoleh sebesar 0,642 gr biodiesel/gr minyak dan 63,975% pada massa katalis 16 gram, suhu 225 C dan laju alir reaktan 4 ml/menit.
Keywords
biodiesel; katalis heterogen; minyak kelapa sawit; transesterifikasi.
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