Kajian Fitoremediasi untuk Rehabilitasi Lahan Pertanian Akibat Tercemar Limbah Industri Pertambangan Emas

Koesma Nurina Ghassani, Harmin Sulistiyaning Titah
Submission Date: 2022-02-07 23:26:56
Accepted Date: 2022-04-18 10:17:34

Abstract


Banyaknya pengalihan fungsi lahan menjadi kawasan industri pertambangan, dimana pembangunan industri tersebut berdampak positif dan juga berdampak negatif bagi pembangunan pertanian, antara lain yaitu jika pembuangan limbah industri tidak melalui pengolahan terlebih dahulu (IPAL), hasil pembuangan limbahnya berpotensi untuk mencemari lingkungan, khususnya terhadap tanah-tanah pertanian, diantaranya adalah logam berat, yang berpotensi terhadap percemaran lingkungan pertanian, yaitu Merkuri (Hg), Timbal (Pb), Kadmium (Cd), Krom (Cr), Tembaga (Cu), Seng (Zn), Kobalt (Co), dan Nikel (Ni). Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari alternatif penanggulangannya melalui penelitian rehabilitasi lahan. Penyingkiran polutan logam berat menggunakan metode fitoremediasi dengan mekanisme fitoekstraksi menggunakan tumbuhan hiperakumulator yang mampu mengikat Merkuri (Hg) secara cepat dan tepat. Jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan adalah Kacang Kalopo (Calopogonium mucunoides) pada fitoremediasi in-situ dan ex-situ secara single plant species. Sedangkan tumbuhan yang digunakan untuk fitoremediasi ex-situ secara mixed plants species adalah Kacang Kalopo (Calopogonium mucunoides) dan Rumput Gajah Kate (Pennisetum purpureum CV. Mott). Presentase keberhasilannya berada diantara 90-100%.

Keywords


Fitoremediasi; Kacang Kalopo; Logam Berat; Rumput Gajah Kate; Tambang Emas

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