Sistem Kontrol dan Monitoring Pemupukan NPK Tanaman dengan Mikrokontroler ESP32
Submission Date: 2022-07-28 15:45:44
Accepted Date: 2022-12-12 08:39:57
Abstract
Maksimalnya hasil produksi dari agrikultur utamanya bergantung pada nutrisi makronutrien, berupa Nitrogen (N), Fosfor (P), dan Kalium (K). Pemberian pupuk NPK yang berlebihan atau kurang menyebabkan produksi menjadi berkurang yang berdampak hasil produk agrikultur dengan kualitas yang relatif rendah. Dampak-dampak ini bisa diantisipasi dengan pemberian pupuk yang cukup dalam jumlah yang sesuai dan tepat sasaran pada tanaman yang dimaksud. Untuk itu dalam penelitian ini telah dikembangkan sebuah sistem yang dapat melakukan pemupukan secara otomatis pada tanaman. Sistem ini terdiri dari mikrokontroler ESP32, sensor NPK JXCT, dan aktuator berupa pompa peristaltik. Mikrokontroler digunakan untuk mengontrol, membaca dan mengirimkan data kadar NPK menuju Blynk. Sistem ini bekerja dengan memanfaatkan sensor untuk membaca kadar pupuk dalam tanah dan pompa peristaltik untuk memberikan pupuk NPK cair pada tanah. Metode kontrol PID digunakan agar dapat memberikan kadar pupuk seakurat mungkin. Monitoring dilakukan melalui smartphone menggunakan aplikasi Blynk. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa sistem kontrol ini mampu menjaga kadar pupuk sesuai setpoint dalam rentang eror pupuk N ±2 mg/kg; pupuk P ±2 mg/kg; dan pupuk K ±3 mg/kg. Sistem monitoring dapat memberikan informasi kadar pupuk NPK yang ditampilkan pada aplikasi Blynk dan memberi notifikasi kepada pengguna apabila kadar pupuk kurang atau melebihi setpoint.
Keywords
Blynk; Kontrol PID; Mikrokontroler ESP32; Pemupukan NPK
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