Pra Desain Pabrik DME (Dimetil Eter) dari Gas Alam
Submission Date: 2023-07-27 20:02:45
Accepted Date: 2024-05-06 09:05:52
Abstract
Keresahan masyarakat terhadap harga minyak tanah dan tingginya kebutuhan energi dalam negeri menjadi latar belakang berdirinya pabrik DME ini. Kebutuhan LPG yang tidak diimbangi dengan produksi LPG yang sesuai, mendorong adanya pengembangan energi alternatif, yaitu DME. Keberadaan DME sebagai bahan bakar alternatif ini, diharapkan dapat menekan angka impor kebutuhan LPG di Indonesia yang mencapai hampir 50% dari total kebutuhan produksi. Ketersediaan bahan baku gas alam yang cukup melimpah di Indonesia sekiranya cukup untuk memproduksi DME sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Bahan baku utama yang digunakan dalam proses pembuatan DME ini adalah gas alam yang sudah diolah dan bebas kandungan sulfur. Bahan baku lain berupa oksigen, steam dan recycle CO2 digunakan dalam pabrik ini. Kapasitas produksi DME pada pabrik ii sebesar 950.000 ton/tahun. Kapasitas ini didasarkan pada kebutuhan energi total di Indonesia dengan harapan DME blending dengan LPG pada rasio 20:80. Dalam pemenuhan kapasitas tahunan, pabrik beroperasi secara kontinyu selama 24 jam/330 hari. Bahan baku gas alam yang dibutuhkan untuk memenuhi kapasitas pabrik tahunan tersebut adalah 44.488 ton/tahun. Pabrik DME ini dibuat menggunakan metode direct synthesis process. Proses pabrik ini secara keseluruhan meliputi unit reforming, unit sintesa DME dan unit purifikasi. Dengan desain umur pabrik selama 10 tahun, didapatkan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 14,02% yangmana nilainya lebih besar dari bunga pinjaman bank sebesar 7,95% sehingga mengindikasikan pabrik layak untuk didirikan. Didapatkan juga Pay Out Time selama 5 tahun 5 bulan dengan BEP 38%.
Keywords
DME; Gas Alam; Direct Process; LPG
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