Pra Desain Pabrik di-(Palmitic Carboxyethyl) Hydroxyethyl Methyl Ammonium Methyl Sulfate (Esterquats) Surfaktan Berbasis Fatty Acid
Submission Date: 2023-03-04 10:28:23
Accepted Date: 2023-05-31 16:58:32
Abstract
Surfaktan (Surface Active Agent) merupakan molekul kimia dengan karakteristik yang dapat menurunkan tegangan permukaan antara dua fasa cairan berbeda berdasarkan sifat kepolarannya. Esterquat adalah senyawa surfaktan kationik berbahan baku minyak kelapa sawit yang mengandung ion amonium kuaterner sebagai bagian hidrofilik-nya. Esterquat secara signifikan telah menggantikan surfaktan pendahuluya (dimethyl disteril) karena memiliki karakteristik yang lebih mudah terurai secara hayati dan menunjukkan tingkat toksisitas yang rendah. Esterquat dapat digunakan sebagai bahan aktif pelembut (softener) dan produk personal care, diproduksi dengan cara proses esterifikasi dan kuartenerisasi. Pabrik Di-(Palmitic Carboxyethyl) Hydroxyethyl Methyl Ammonium Methyl Sulfate (Esterquat) Surfaktan Berbasis Fatty acid direncanakan dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 30.000 ton per tahun didirikan di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Sei Mangkei, Sumatera Utara karena dekat dengan sumber bahan baku, tersedianya fasilitas penunjang, transportasi dan tenaga kerja. Berdasarkan analisa neraca massa dan neraca energi, pabrik ini membutuhkan bahan baku Fatty acid 2111,03 sebanyak kg/jam, triethanolamine sebanyak 667,49 kg.jam, HPA sebanyak 4,22 kg/jam, DMS sebanyak 533,31 kg/jam, dan IPA sebanyak 277,6 kg/jam. Sedangkan untuk low pressure steam sebanyak 103,184 kg/jam, medium pressure steam sebanyak 468,39 kg/jam, dan cooling water sebanyak 34966,59 kg/jam. Pengolahan fatty acid menjadi esterquat melalui 2 tahap reaksi utama, yaitu tahap esterifikasi dan tahap quaternisasi. Tahap esterifikasi merupakan tahap pembentukan esteramine dari reaksi antara fatty acid dan triethanolamine pada reaktor batch dengan tingkat konversi mencapai 99% yang beroperasi dengan tekanan 0,2 bar dan temperatur 170°C. Sedangkan tahap quaternisasi merupakan tahap pembuatan esteramine secara batch dari reaksi esteramine dan dimetil sulfat (DMS) reaktor batch untuk mencapai konversi reaksi 91,4%. Hasil dari tahap quaternisasi merupakan esterquat dengan konsentrasi 84% w/w. Pabrik ini membutuhkan investasi awal Rp 828.939.202.144 dimana setelah proses konstruksi 2 tahun dan produksi 15 tahun, didapatkan nilai IRR 17.580%, Pay Out Time 5.86 tahun, dan WACC sebesar 9,318%.
Keywords
Esterquats; Esterifikasi; Fatty Acid; Quarternisasi; Surfaktan
CC Licencing
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Jurnal Teknik ITS by Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM) ITS is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://ejurnal.its.ac.id/index.php/teknik.
Statistik Pengunjung