Studi Literatur Kemampuan Tumbuhan Salvinia molesta dan Salvinia natans Terhadap Penyerapan Fe dan Mn pada Pengolahan Air Asam Tambang
Submission Date: 2020-08-15 12:56:26
Accepted Date: 2021-02-01 10:32:35
Abstract
Kegiatan pertambangan mengakibatkan perubahan lingkungan yang dapat berdampak pada kualitas air tanah dan air permukaan. Air asam tambang merupakan air yang berasal dari pengaliran tambang yang berpotensi mencemari badan perairan jika tidak dikelola dan dikontrol dengan baik. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, diperlukan studi literatur tentang pengolahan limbah air asam tambang. Studi literatur ini bertujuan menentukan kemampuan tumbuhan Salvinia molesta dan Salvinia natans sebagai penyerapan logam (Fe dan Mn) yang dapat digunakan pada pengolahan air asam tambang berdasarkan literatur dan menentukan efisiensi removal tumbuhan Salvinia molesta dan Salvinia natans berdasarkan studi kasus yang diambil. Tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam studi literatur ini adalah Salvinia molesta dan Salvinia natans. Tumbuhan ini dapat digunakan untuk pengolahan limbah karena tingkat pertumbuhannya yang tinggi dan kemampuannya untuk menyerap hara langsung dari air limbah. Selain itu, tumbuhan ini dapat bertahan hidup di lingkungan tercemar dan cocok dimanfaatkan untuk fitoremediasi air tercemar. Studi kasus yang diambil adalah pengolahan air asam tambang pada PT. Semesta Centramas (Balangan Coal) Kabupaten Balangan, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Berdasarkan literatur fitoremediasi, S.molesta dapat menurunkan kadar Fe dan Mn hingga 29% dan 73%. S.natans mampu menurunkan kadar Fe dan Mn hingga 56% dan 69%. Sedangkan jika disesuaikan pada studi kasus pada air asam tambang yang memiliki kadar Fe 23,12 mg/L dan Mn 25,5 mg/L, S. molesta dan S. natans membutuhkan efisiensi removal sebesar 69,7% dan 84,3% untuk menurunkan Fe dan Mn supaya mencapai baku mutu.
Keywords
Air Asam Tambang; Fe; Mn; Salvinia molesta; Salvinia natans.
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