Pengelompokkan Mutu Sekolah Dasar Di Indonesia Berdasarkan Standar Nasional Pendidikan dengan Metode Fuzzy C-Means
Submission Date: 2020-08-08 13:15:19
Accepted Date: 2021-02-03 09:26:06
Abstract
Pendidikan adalah hal yang sangat penting bagi bangsa. Mutu pendidikan yang baik akan mencetak generasi yang berkualitas dan menjadi kunci untuk membangun dan memperbaiki negara. Dalam konsep pendidikan, pemerintah telah memberikan acuan agar sekolah di Indonesia memiliki kualitas yang baik, salah satunya adalah dengan menerbitkan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengelompokan mutu pendidikan pada 142.294 sekolah dasar tahun 2018 menggunakan metode Fuzzy C-Means pada sekolah dan kota di Indonesia dengan variabel yang digunakan adalah delapan standar nasional pendidikan yaitu standar kompetensi kelulusan, standar isi, standar proses, standar penilaian, standar PTK, standar sarana prasarana, standar pengelolaan, dan standar pembiayaan. Sebelum melakukan pengelompokkan dilakukan imputasi missing value dengan menggunakan metode regresi. Digunakan metode Fuzzy C-Means pada clustering dikarenakan data SNP SD di Indonesia memiliki banyak data outlier sehingga lebih cocok digunakan metode Fuzzy C-Means. Berdasarkan nilai pseudo f jumlah kelompok sekolah di Indonesia yang optimum adalah 4 dan jumlah kelompok kota di Indonesia yang optimum adalah 3. Hampir semua kota di Pulau Jawa berada pada cluster terbaik sedangkan kota di Pulau Papua hampir semuanya berada pada cluster yang kurang baik.
Keywords
Clustering; Fuzzy C-Means; Imputasi Missing Value; Regresi; Sekolah Dasar; SNP.
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