Pemodelan Jumlah Kasus Penyakit Tuberkulosis di Provinsi Jawa Barat Menggunakan Geographically Weighted Negative Binomial Regression
Submission Date: 2024-06-26 15:36:24
Accepted Date: 2025-04-24 00:00:00
Abstract
World Health Organization (WHO) telah menempatkan Tuberkulosis (TBC) menjadi peringkat 1 penyakit menular yang mematikan di dunia. Di Indonesia, tiga provinsi dengan jumlah kasus TBC tertinggi pada tahun 2021 adalah Jawa Barat, kemudian disusul oleh Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, diperlukan pemodelan yang tepat untuk menganalisis variabel prediktor yang memengaruhi banyaknya kasus TBC di Provinsi Jawa Barat sehingga didapatkan upaya penanggulangan efektif serta dapat mengurangi jumlah kasus TBC di Jawa Barat. Setiap wilayah memiliki perbedaan karakteristik utamanya kondisi geografis sehingga dimungkinkan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi jumlah kasus TBC setiap kabupaten / kota berbeda-beda. Perbedaan ini diindikasikan sebagai akibat adanya efek spasial pada penyebaran penyakit TBC di setiap kabupaten / kota, sehingga untuk mengakomodasi hal tersebut salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan adalah Geographically Weighted Negative Binomial Regression (GWNBR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah kasus TBC paling banyak ditemukan di Kabupaten Bogor dan yang paling rendah di Kota Banjar. Pemodelan jumlah kasus TBC dengan metode GWNBR menghasilkan 3 kelompok berdasarkan kesamaan variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan, dimana variabel yang berpengaruh di seluruh kabupaten/kota pada Provinsi Jawa Barat adalah variabel kepadatan penduduk, jumlah pemberian imunisasi BCG pada bayi, jumlah tenaga keperawatan di puskesmas, persentase penduduk miskin, dan jumlah penderita HIV.
Keywords
GWNBR; Jawa Barat; Regresi Binomial Negatif; Tuberkulosis (TBC)
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