Pemodelan Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Gini Rasio Pembangunan di Jawa Timur dengan Regresi Spasial
Submission Date: 2018-08-03 06:52:40
Accepted Date: 2019-02-13 00:00:00
Abstract
Indonesia Attractiveness Index 2017 mengumumkan 5 besar provinsi terbaik, dimenangkan oleh provinsi Jawa Tengah, Sumatera Barat, D.I. Yogyakarta, Jawa barat dan Jawa Timur. Namun Provinsi Jawa Timur menduduki peringkat pertama untuk peningkatan nilai gini rasio. Gini rasio Provinsi Jawa Timur mengalami peningkatan dari 0,396 menjadi 0,415. Sebagai perbandingan, negara-negara di kawasan Timur Tengah dan Afrika Utara mengalami gejolak ‘Arab Spring’ ketika gini rasio sekitar 0,45. Belajar dari kasus tersebut ketimpangan pendapatan ini perlu penanganan serius dari pemerintah. Salah satunya dengan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ketimpangan pendapatan. Sehingga dalam Penelitian ini dilakukan pemodelan ketimpangan pendapatan kabupaten/kota di Jawa Timur dengan memper-timbangkan aspek spasial menggunakan regresi spasial. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh adalah ketimpangan pendapatan yang terjadi rata-rata termasuk dalam kondisi ketimpangan sedang. Model regresi spasial terbaik yang diperoleh adalah Spatial Error Model dengan nilai R2 sebesar 46,6% dan nilai RMSE sebesar 0.025713. Adapun variabel yang signifikan adalah variabel yang berasal dari aspek sosial yakni kepadatan penduduk dan tingkat pengangguran terbuka.
Keywords
Gini Rasio; Ketimpangan Pendapatan; Regresi Spasial
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