Potensi Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv) dalam Produksi Etanol Menggunakan Bakteri Zymomonas mobilis
Submission Date: 2013-08-13 10:21:48
Accepted Date: 2013-09-01 00:00:00
Abstract
Sumber selulosa yang murah dan melimpah dapat diperoleh dari gulma alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv). Produksi etanol dari bahan baku selulosa alang-alang umumnya difermentasikan oleh yeast. Pada penelitian ini fermentasi dilakukan menggunakan bakteri Zymomonas mobilis. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 2012 hingga Mei 2013 di laboratorium Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, ITS. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi alang-alang (I. cylindrica (L) Beauv.) dalam produksi etanol menggunakan bakteri Z. mobilis pada konsentrasi inokulum dan waktu fermentasi yang optimum. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga langkah utama yaitu pretreatment substrat, hidrolisis enzimatik oleh Penicillium sp., dan fermentasi etanol oleh Z. mobilis. Fermentasi dilakukan menggunakan berbagai perlakuan konsentrasi inokulum (0, 5, 10, dan 15%) dan lama fermentasi (0, 3, 5, 7, dan 9 days) serta dianalisa menggunakan uji Analysis of Varians (ANOVA). Masing-masing perlakuan dilakuan 2 kali pengulangan, sehingga diperoleh 40 unit percobaan dengan parameter yang diamati adalah kadar etanol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alang-alang (I. cylindrica (L.) Beauv.) berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan baku produksi etanol dengan konsentrasi etanol tertinggi diperoleh dari interaksi antara 10% konsentrasi inokulum Z. mobilis dan waktu fermentasi 7 hari yaitu sebesar 9,02 % (v/v)
Keywords
alang-alang; etanol; Imperata cylindrica selulosa; Zymomonas mobilis
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