Pemodelan Ekspor ASEAN Data Panel Dinamis dengan Pendekatan Generalized Method of Moments Arellano-Bond
Submission Date: 2021-08-21 16:12:19
Accepted Date: 2022-07-28 00:00:00
Abstract
Ekspor merupakan kegiatan mengeluarkan barang dari daerah pabean dalam negeri ke daerah pabean negara lain. Ekspor yang dilakukan negara-negara ASEAN selama periode 2015-2019 cenderung mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini berperan penting dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara melalui peningkatan daya saing ekonomi, serta menjaga kestabilan ekonomi ASEAN. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang diduga mempengaruhi ekspor, antara lain PDB per kapita, nilai kurs nasional terhadap USD, inflasi, indeks harga ekspor, dan investasi dari pihak asing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodelkan ekspor ASEAN menggunakan regresi data panel dinamis dengan pendekatan GMM Arellano-Bond. Penggunaan model dinamis digunakan untuk mendapatkan efek jangka pendek dan panjang pada ekspor ASEAN. Regresi stepwise digunakan sebagai metode pemilihan persamaan regresi terbaik. Data yang digunakan penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder dari publikasi ASEAN dan laman resmi Bank Dunia pada sepuluh negara ASEAN selama 2015-2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PDB per kapita, indeks harga ekspor, dan investasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekspor ASEAN. Pada jangka pendek, setiap peningkatan PDB per kapita, indeks harga ekspor, dan investasi masing-masing sebesar 1% akan meningkatkan ekspor ASEAN sebesar 0,533%, 0,136%, dan 0,078% pada tahun yang sama, sedangkan pada jangka panjang akan meningkatkan ekspor ASEAN sebesar 0,783%, 0,199%, dan 0,115%.
Keywords
ASEAN; Ekspor; GMM Arellano-Bond; Regresi Data Panel Dinamis
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