Analisis Karakteristik Tingkat Kesejahteraan di Kota Surabaya Menggunakan Metode Pohon Klasifikasi
Submission Date: 2019-07-29 06:13:09
Accepted Date: 2020-02-04 00:00:00
Abstract
Terdapat beberapa upaya pengentasan kemiskinan yang dilakukan Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, salah satunya melalui kerjasama dengan Tim Nasional Percepatan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (TNP2K) yang mengeluarkan data rumah tangga dengan tingkat pendapatan rendah di Surabaya yang didapatkan melalui metode Proxy Means Testing (PMT). Namun, dari hasil tersebut tidak dijelaskan apa saja karakteristik setiap tingkat kesejahteraan. Karakteristik yang terdapat pada setiap desil dapat diketahui dengan melakukan pengklasifikasian. Salah satu metode statistika yang dapat digunakan yaitu pohon klasifikasi. Variabel respon yang digunakan yaitu tingkat kesejahteraan. Data yang digunakan yaitu 149.186 data rumah tangga dan 35 variabel indikator kesejahteraan. Selanjutnya dilakukan metode test sample dengan testing 5%-30% menggunakan Indeks Gini dan Indeks Twoing. Metode terbaik yang digunakan yaitu metode test sample dengan testing 30% menggunakan Indeks Gini. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu pohon klasifikasi optimal dengan 391 simpul dan 191 simpul terminal. Karakteristik setiap desil didapatkan dari persentase tertinggi pada simpul terminal setiap tingkat kesejahteraan. Lima variabel terpenting dalam pemilahan pohon klasifikasi yaitu jumlah anggota rumah tangga, jenis lantai terluas dengan bahan marmer/granit, keramik, parket/vinil/permadani, kepemilikan kulkas, tipe toilet pribadi dengan jenis kloset leher angsa, dan kepemilikan sepeda motor. Pohon klasifikasi tersebut merupakan pohon klasifikasi dengan right estimated dengan tingkat keakuratan klasifikasi sebesar 64.1%
Keywords
Indikator Kesejahteraan; PMT; Pohon Klasifikasi; Rumah Tangga; Test Sample
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