Pengaruh Modifikasi Habitat Padi Varietas IR 64 dengan Aplikasi Trap Crop Menggunakan Serai Wangi (Andropogon nardus) Teerhadap Komposisi, Kelimpahan, dan Keanekaragaman Arthropoda
Submission Date: 2013-11-13 15:47:01
Accepted Date: 2013-12-01 00:00:00
Abstract
Trap crop merupakan teknik yang digunakan untuk menarik serangga berpotensi hama agar tidak menyerang tanaman utama. Aplikasi menggunakan sereh wangi untuk modifikasi habitat pada lahan padi dapat mempengaruhi komposisi, kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman Arthropoda. Serai wangi ditanam 20 hari sebelum tanaman utama (padi varietas IR 64). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Sampel diambil menggunakan sweep net pada fase padi vegetatif, reproduktif dan pemasakan dan menggunakan yellowpan trap pada fase padi reproduktif dan pemasakan. Sampling dilakukan dari Desember 2012 hingga Maret 2013. Tiap sampel diidentifikasi di laboratorium zoologi jurusan Biologi ITS. Penelitian tentang keanekaragaman Arthropoda pada habitat yang berbeda dengan membandingkan kekayaan spesies berguna untuk mendeterminasikan indikator ekologi dari tiap habitat. Arthropoda yang tertangkap kemudian dibagi menjadi herbivor, dan musuh alami (parasitoid dan predator) dan detritivor Kemudian menghitung Indeks keanekaragaman menggunakan indeks Shannon Wiener (H’), Evenness (E) dan kesamaan speies (Imh). Komposisi taksa terutama Ordo Hymenoptera pada lahan trap crop dan Ordo Diptera pada lahan kontrol. Jika dilihat dari tiap fase pertumbuhan padi komposisi spesies terutama herbivora terpengaruh oleh adanya trap crop yaitu pada fase vegetatif dan reproduktif. Komposisi berdasarkan peran fungsional Arthropoda tidak berpengaruh terhadap aplikasi trap crop. Kelimpahan herbivora berpengaruh pada lahan trap crop dibandingkan lahan kontrol. Lahan dengan aplikasi trap crop menggunakan tanaman sereh wangi (Andropogon nardus) tidak terpengaruh terhadap nilai keanekaragaman jenis (H’) namun berpengaruh pada nilai kemerataan jenis (E) nilai Imh pada kedua lahan menunjukkan nilai kesamaan komunitas yang tinggi
Keywords
modifikasi habitat; trap crop; arthropod; andropogon nardus
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